Tuesday, December 20, 2016

the pot and bowling ball

My goal is draw what I saw. The thing that most surprise me is that how the color combine themselves reflecting on the pot, the color is really hard to find and resolve with each other by drawing. My drawing is about reflecting. The most difficult challenge I have to face is the shadow for the bowling balls and how to show that green ball is behind the orange one and not flying in the air. If I can redo, I will have to change the carpet under the pot and the balls, it doesn't look like a carpet in my drawing, I will have to make the strips thinner and thinner, so it will shown to be under. I think the best I did are the shadows on the two bowling balls.

Monday, December 19, 2016

Artists Pages

My goal is to imitate Janet Fish by using oil pastils. Janet Fish is a realistic artist, so it's hard to imitate. The thing that most surprise me is that she can draw it so similar, so realistic by using oil pants. The most difficult thing I have to face is that, I have to draw such a small part from a very big picture, and the rate is hard to find. If you draw bigger or the wrong part, the whole picture is done, because there are no place to change to move. If I can redo I will measure the size more carefully. I think the best I did is that I mixed the right color from the colors that I had.

Sunday, November 20, 2016

Shadow under the light

This is an ancient Chinese hair clasp, it has a little bit complex structure and our theme is into the night so I put it under the light and the shadow is very pretty.

Sunday, November 6, 2016

筷子和中餐盒


I use the same type of drawing as the pumpkin drawing. I was surprised that the shadow can be this big. This drawing is mostly about shadows and lights. The most challenge is the light on the Chinese food box. I just try my best to draw what I see. I learn that it's better if you do one drawings at one time, don't draw separately. Because I can't find the right angle for the second time. If I had a do-over I would try to find a more interesting shadow and also I would draw the outline first so I don't have to worried about can't find the right angle next time. I like my shadow best in the drawing.

Tuesday, November 1, 2016

Ivy's Pumpkin Drawing

The goal is to do the shadow and light of the pumpkin. We used charcoals and eraser to accomplished this. The most difficult challenge is to draw the shadows. We used tissue and made the whole drawing dark, then used charcoals to draw the outline, finally get the shadow in side, and also have to be careful that there might be light and dark shadow. I can use the composition to separate the shadows on the back.

Monday, October 31, 2016

Chinese decorate


I am just trying to draw the shadows and the decorate. I use 2B F HB draw this. The most surprised me the most is that the frog on the top is very had to draw. This is about shadows and composition. The most difficult challenge is that the details on the decorate. I watch them very carefully and draw them bigger so it's easier to draw details. I learned that there can be a lighter shadow on the outside of the big dark shadow. 

Wednesday, October 26, 2016

Pumpkin drawing



My goal is to focus on the shadows on the pumpkin and also the light. I have to darken the part that have deep shadows and erase the part that have light. The things that most surprised me is that how much different I need to make the shadow and the light. My drawing is about shading, shadows, and light. The most difficult challenge I have to face is that my hands are all black when I am drawing this. I just keep on doing it without touching anything. I learnt that the shadow have deep and light, so don't get all shadow very dark. If I can can redo I will change the shadow in the middle of the pumpkin a little bit. I think the best thing is the lights on the pumpkins and the deeper shadow on the end. I like Ivy's drawing, I like how the two sides of the pumpkin have different color.

Tuesday, October 4, 2016

Ribbon Drawing



My goal for this drawing is to draw the light and shadow, I look at the word that I made and find the best way that can show the shadows and lights and draw them. My drawing is mainly about composition and shadows. The challenge that I have for this drawing is that I made the word a little bit right on the paper and when I was finding the shadows the best way is to get the shadow slide right, but I can't see the shadow for the part that is out of the paper. I use another paper and put on the side to see the outline and then draw it and then put the paper on the side again and again. I learned that don't use 2H or H pencils to fill in the dark shadow first, because it's going to be hard for 8B, 6B, 4B, 2B to go on top.


Challenge #3

my host dad and brothers

my mum and my dad

my grandparents

my dad side of the family

my dad side of the family
when we went hiking

Sunday, September 25, 2016

Challenge #2

This is my bed in America and some of the things I like.

This a view from my room in China.


This two are inside of the mall near my house.



This two are my room in China.

Sunday, September 18, 2016

Challenge #1





                             
                                                                 This are the 5 pictures of the first challenge.

Wednesday, September 7, 2016

Janet Fish - Artist Pages

This is my first assignment, I think it's really good for me to find a mentor, it helps me to find out what is my style and I can also learn a lot from the mentor.

Tuesday, May 17, 2016

Renaissance 1300-1600

Northern Italy: birthplace of the Renaissance
Renaissance = rebirth
cities were the center of the action
Milan and Florence and wealthy mechanist and bankers
artists were inspired by the former splendor of Rome

Merchants and the Medici
Merchants dominated politics
Medici were powerful banking family
patrons: they paid artists, writers and musicians to create beautiful works of arts

Super-Patron: Isabella d'Este
educated, brilliant
gifted singer, lute player, innovative dance
wealthy, power parents
fashionista, designs her own perfume

What patronage got
nativity
Antonio da Correggio
1529-1530
101 in. by 74 in.

evolving values... humanism
deep interest in what people have already achieved, as well as what they are capable of achieving in the future
worldly(secular) values were essential

"Renaissance Man," "Renaissance Women"
could master many fields of work
Renaissance Women: Isabella d'Este
Renaissance Men: Leonardo da Vinci
 - Painter
 - Scientist
 - Inventor

Artistic style and methods - sculpture
realistic figures
Pieta
carved from marble by Michelangelo from 1498-1499
St. Peter's Basilica in Vatican City

Artistic styles and methods - painting
perspective - using shadowed depth to create the illusion of three dimensions
Frescoes - technique of mural painting
Michelangelo's work in the ceiling of the Sisine Chapel

Artistic styles and methods - literature
vernacular - their native language
literature was more accessible to the masses

Northern Renaissance
ideas and attitudes about the Renaissance moved from Italy northward
Up north, the classical (Greek and Roman) learning and the humanistic approach was combined with religious ideas
learning spread rapidly, mostly due to one major invention

The Printing Press (feat. Movable Type!)
the Chinese had invented the printing press centuries before, but Johannes Gutenberg revolutionized it in Germany in 1439
one of the most important and impactful inventions in history

Thursday, April 28, 2016

Notes on at the Crusades

Holy Roman Empire - Age of Faith
more a political power than a spiritual power
over 500 massive Gothic cathedrals are built 1170-1270
Muslisms is a new religion starts around 100 years ago
Muslisms are more serious about their religion

all in Jerusalem:
Dome of Rock (Islam)
Church of the Holy Sepulcher (Christian)
Western Wall (Judaism)

1093 Emperor Alexius Comnenus wrote letter to Pope Urban 2

Holy War
200 years religiously sanctioned
Jerusalem is a Holy Place for Christian
they want to get the Holy Place back from Muslim

Wednesday, April 27, 2016

Note on Germanic Kingdoms United under Charlemagne

it's very dangerous because the law and government is not working
no trading, cities are crab out
people don't social with each other because other people might hurt you
just tell stories don't know how to read and write
Roman: language that are similar (French, Spanish, Portuguese, Italian)
only people know how to read are the rich and priest
no school for children to learn
little houses around the walls are for the little army
rich have farmers, warriors... all people that have different skilled to do everything they need to use.
no Empire, no king just little community
first pretty house - lords house (rich)
second pretty house - Church
Benedict: first people who write rules for work

Tuesday, April 26, 2016

The Crusades

Background:
    - Age of Faith
    - Holy Roman Empire is the strongest kingdom in Europe

Jerusalem
    - late eleventh century, Jerusalem was controlled by the Muslims
    - Islam's 3rd holiest City
    - Holy City to Jews

The "Holy War"
    - Pope Urban 2 put the call for Christians to recapture Jerusalem and the Holy Land from Muslim Turks
    - Thus began 200 years of religiously sanctioned military campaigns, from 1095 to 1291
    - crusade means "taking of the cross"

Crusades (almost) Entirely Supported Throughout Holy Roman Empire
    - "soldiers of the Church" took vows to take back the Holy Land
    - Pope promised those who died in the endeavor would receive immediate remission for their sins


Germanic Kingdoms United under Charlemagne

Main Idea:
    - many Germanic kingdoms that succeeded the Roman Empire were reunited under Charlemagne's empire
    - Charlemagne spread Christian civilization

Setting the Stage
    - Middle Ages = medieval period
    - AD 476 - AD 1453

This is a new society
  - has roots in
    - classical heritage of Rome
    - beliefs of the Roman Catholic Church
    - customs of various Germanic tribes

5th Century Germanic invaders
  - overrun half of Roman Empire
  - causing:
    - disruption of trade
    - downfall of cities
    - population shifts to rural areas

Effects of Invasion
  - decline
    - tribes could't read Greek or Latin
    - French, Spanish, Portuguese, Italian
    - few besides priest were literate

Germanic Kingdoms emerge: AD 400-600
  - warriors' loyalty is to the lord of the manor
    - he provides them food, weapons, treasure
  - result
    - no orderly government for large area
    - small communities rule

even so ... Clovis rules the Franks
    - Clovis rules Gaul, know as Franks
    - 496, battlefield conversion, he and 3000 warriors become Christian
    - 511, Franks are united into one kingdom, Clovis and Church

Spread of Christianity
    - Church + Frankish rulers = rise in Christianity
    - 520, Benedict writes rules for monks
        - vows of poverty
        - chastity
        - obedience
    - sister Scholastica, writes similar rules for nuns
    - operate schools, maintain libraries, copy books

Pope Gregory and Papal Power Play
    - Pope Gregory 1 goes secular
    - Church revenues are used to help the poor, build roads, and raise armies
    - theocracy
    - Christendom extends from Italy to England, from Spain to Germany

Who's Running Europe
    - Clovis rules the Franks in Gaul until his death 511
    - rest of Europe smaller kingdoms
    - descendants include Charles Martel, Charles the Hammer
    - Hammer defeats a Muslim raiding party fromSpain at the Battle of Tour in 732

How do you follow the Hammer
    - Charles Martel's son is Pepin the Short
    - ling by the grace of God
    - Pepin the Short dies in 768
    - 1 son Carolina dies in 771
    - 2 son Charles, Charlemagne
    - six feet four inches of rocking ruling warriors greatness

Monday, April 25, 2016

Christianity in the Pax Romana

Christianity - roots
    - Jesus
    - comes from the Gospels
    - "Gospel" means "good news"

    - Jesus was a Jewish itinerant preacher
    - set himself apart from other "Messiahs"
    - Jesus taught God's personal relationship to each human being

    - Jesus believe there will be "Messiah"
    - Jesus was a threat to Roman rule

Start spreading the news
    - Paul of Tarsus was a Jew who became a follower of Jesus
    - Well-travelled, helped found Churches in many places

    - Jews & Christian monotheistic
                                   refuse to worship Roman gods
Problem
    - when things began to go wrong for the Roman Empire, Jews and Christians persecuted by Roman authorities

The appeal of Christianity
  - Because
    - Embrace all people
        - Men AND Women
        - enslaved people
        - the poor
    - gave hope to powerless

Conversion of Constantine (AD 312)
    - Roman emperor has a vision
    - sees an image in the sky of a cross and the words

Edict of Milan in AD 313
    - Christianity becomes a religion which is recognized/approved
    - By 380, becomes empire's official religion

Decline of the Roman Empire
  - Christianity strengthen, Rome weakened
    - Military: too weak to defend huge area
    - Economy: takes too high; widening gap between rich & poor
    - Social: disloyalty, population decrease
    - Political: division  of the empire

the Last Roman emperor was in 476
    - 14-year-old boy named Romulus Augustulus

Friday, April 22, 2016

Feudalism in Europe

Power and Authority:
 - Feudalism, a political and economic system based on land-holding and protective alliances, emerges in Europe.

Setting the Stage:
 - After the Treaty of Verdum, Charlemagne's three feuding grandsons broke up the kingdom even further. Part of this territory also became a battleground as new waves of invaders attacked Europe.

Invaders Attack Western Europe
800-1000, invasions destroyed the Carolingian Empire. Muslim invaders from the south seized Sicily and raided Italy. 846, they sacked Rome Magyar invaders struck from the east.
 - The Vikings Invade from the North
    - Vikings set sail from Scandinavia, a wintry, wooded region in Northern Europe.
    - Vikings were a Germanic people
    - they carried out their raids with terrifying speed.
    - they were not only warriors but also readers, farmers and explorers
 - Magyars and Muslims Attack from the East and South
    - as Viking invasions declined, Europe became the target of new assaults
    - the Magyars, a group of nomadic people, attacked from the east, which is now Hungary
    - Muslims struck from the south

A New Social Order: Feudalism
911, two former enemies faced each other in a peace ceremony. Roll was the head of a Viking army. Rollo and his men had been plundering the rich Seine River valley for years. Charles the Simple was the king of France but held little power.
 - Feudalism Structures Society
    - worst years of the invaders' attacks 850-950
    - the system of governing and landholding, called feudalism
    - the feudal system was based on rights and obligations, in exchange for military protection and other services, a lord, or landowner, granted land called a fief. The person receiving a fief was called a vassal
 - The Feudal Pyramid
    - the structure of feudal society was much like a pyramid.
    - at the peak reigned the king
    - next the most powerful vassals - wealthy landowners
    - serving beneath these vassals  were knight, knight were counted horsemen who pledged to defend their lords' lands in exchange for fiefs
 - Social Classes Are Well Define
    - statues determined a person's prestige and power
    - three group
      - who fought (nobles and knights)
      - who prayed (men and women of the Church)
      - who worked (the peasants)
    - In Europe in the Middle Ages, the vast majority of people were peasants.
    - most peasants were serfs, serfs were people who could not lawfully leave the place where they were born

Manor: The Economic Side of Feudalism
The manor was the land's estate. during the Middle Ages, the manor system was the basic economic arrangement. The Manor system rested on a set of rights and obligations between a lord and his serfs.
 - A Serf-Contained World
    - peasants rarely traveled more than 25 miles from their own manor
    - the manor was largely a self-sufficient community
    -the serfs and peasants raised or produced nearly everything they and their lord needed for daily life
 - The Harshness of Manor Life
    - for the privilege of living on the lord's land, peasants paid a high price after all these payments to the lord, peasant families owned the village priest a tithe, or church tax, a tithe represented one-tenth of their income
    - for most serfs, both men and women, life was work and more work
    - despite the hardships they endured, serfs accepted their lot in life as part of the Church's teaching.

Music Trip

Wednesday, April 20, 2016

Go over the Test + Charlemagne Unites Germanic Kingdoms

The test were so hard!!!!!!!!!! I do so bad on it. This is the worse score I have ever get!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! I hope I can get some extra credit. I don't know why I did so bad on it, I didn't open my computer during class I look at the Power Point very carefully but I just don't know how my score get that bad!!  They all get better than I do.
I think I need to look more carefully on the details, even the things that do not seen that important. I wish I can do better next time and also get some extra credit to make my grade better.
WHY WE DON'T HAVE EXTRA??!!

Empire Building:
 - Many Germanic kingdoms that succeeded the Roman Empire were reunited under Charlemagne's empire.

Setting The Stage:
 - the gradual decline of the Roman Empire ushered in en era of European history called the Middle Ages, or the medieval period.
 - 500 to 1500
 - a new society slowly emerged
 - root in:
    - the classical heritage of Rome
    - the beliefs of the Roman Catholic Church
    - the customs of various Germanic tribes

Invasion of Western Europe:
Fifth century, Germanic invaders overran the western half of the Roman Empire It cause a series of changes that altered the economy, government and culture
    - Disruption of Trade
    - Downfall of Cities
    - Population Shifts
 - The Decline of Learning
    - the Germanic invaders could not read and write.
    - The development of various languages mirrored the continued breakup of a once-unified empire.

Germanic Kingdoms Emerges:
400 and 600, Germanic kingdoms replaced Roman provinces
 - The Concept of Government Changes
    - along with shifting boundaries, the empire concept of government changed
    - every Germanic chief led a band of warriors who had pledged their loyalty to him
 - Clovis Rules the Franks
    - in the Roman province of Gaul, a Germanic people called the Franks held power. Their leader was Clovis.
    - He bring Christianity to the region.

Germans Adopt Christianity
Politics played a key role in spreading Christianity. the Church, with the help of Franklish rulers, had converted many Germanic peoples.
 - Monasteries, Convents, and Manuscripts
    - to adapt to rural conditions, the Church built religious communities called monasteries
    - 520, Italian monk named Benedict began writing a book describing a strict yet practical set of rules for monasteries
    - Monasteries also became Europe's Best-educated communities.
 - Papal Power Expands Under Gregory
    - 590, Gregory 1, also called Gregory the Great, become pope
    - Under Gregory the papacy also became a secular, or worldly, power involved in politics

An Empire Evolves
After the Roman Empire disclosed, small kingdoms sprang up all over Europe. Franks controlled the largest and strongest of Europe's kingdoms.
 - Charles Martel Emerges
    - 700, an official know as the major doom, or mayor of palace, had become the most powerful person in the Frankish kingdom.
    - The mayor of the palace in 719, Charles Martel held more power than the king
    - defeated Muslim raiders from Spain at the Battle of Tour in 732.
    - Charles Martel's victory at Tours made him a Christian hero
    - he passed his power to his son after his death
    - the pope anointed Pepin "king by the grace of God"
    - Thus began the Carolingian Dynasty, the family that would rule the Franks from 751 to 987.

Charlemagne Becomes Emperor
Pepin the Short died in 768. He left his kingdom to his two sons, Carloman and Charles. After Carloman's death in 771, Charles, who was known as Charlemagne, ruled the kingdom. He stood six feet four inches tall
 - Charlenagne Extends Frankish Rule
    - he built an empire greater than any known since ancient Rome
    - 800, he travel to Rome to crush an unruly mob that had attacked the pope
Charlemagne Leads a Revival
    - strengthened his royal power by limiting the authority of the nobles
Charlemagne's Heirs
    - a year after his death in 814, he crowned his only surviving son, Louis the Pious, as emperor, Louis was devoutly religious man but an ineffective ruler.
    - he left 3 sons, they divided the empire into three kingdoms
    - the lack of strong rulers led to a new system of governing and landholding - feudalism

Monday, April 18, 2016

Test

At first I was wondering where is Mr. Schick and all the other people were arguing about whether we need to find Mr. Schick or the main office. A lot of them said don't because they don't want to take the test or they want to study for the test. Some of them were going out and Kevin said we've been here for 15 minutes so LET'S GO!! I am just studying for the test and don't care about them, but at lease they called the main office and Mr. Schick were finally back. I thought I can't use my phone to check words during the test but it end up we can use it. There is a word I don't know I was thinking should I asked for the meaning but I just guess the meaning because  I thought it's a test I should't do that.

Friday, April 15, 2016

Rome Test Review

what are the four things that the Greeks bring to Rome
religious beliefs
alphabet
much of their art
military techniques and weaponry

the Latins descendants of Indo-Europeans were the first people settled here.

consuls
consuls are elected officials
term of office: one year 
always aristocrats (patricians)

Lucius Tarquinias Superbus was the seventh and final king of Rome

pleb=98%

laws were written out (The Law of the Twelve Tables
these laws (on tablets) were posted in public (in 450 BCE) 
tribunes (“tribal leaders”) were elected  

50,000 people were sold into slaves in the third Punic War

bread and circuses: free grain and entertainment

Julius Caesar         (100 - 44 BCE)
a highly successful general
he conquered the huge territory of Gaul
Julius Caesar was stabbed for 23 times

Julius Caesar’s grandnephew - and adopted son - Octavian takes over at the age of 18!
Octavian forces Lepidus to retire
Tiberius exiled himself after the death of his son

Claudius start conquered Britain

Thursday, April 14, 2016

Rome 4

Caesar seizing power
      serves as consul (one year)
      appoints himself governor of Gaul
      Pompey is  jealous, become his rival
            Caesar's armies clash with Pompey's in Greece, Asia, Spain and Egypt

Caesar's reforms
      granted citizenship to people in provinces
      expanded the Senate, adding his friend
      created jobs for poor - public work projects
      increase pay for soldiers
      start colonies where those without land could own property

Assassination
      the senators saw Caesar's rise in power as a huge threat to their politician viability
      stabbing him 23 times
      senators were not punished even Brutus
      Octavius was named Julius Caesar's sole heir
      end of republic

Aftermath to the murder
      Julius Caesar's grandnephew - and adopted son - Octavius takes over at the age if 18
            Mary Antony - experienced general
            Lepidus - powerful politicians
      Second Triumvirate

A doomed alliance
      Octavian forces  Lepidus to refire
      He and Mark Antony - rivals
      Mark Antony partners up with Cleopatra of Egypt
            Personally
            Politically
            Economically
      Octavian defeats them at the Battle of Actium

Octavian on his own
      unchallenged ruler of Rome
            honorifie "Augustus"
      title "imperator"
            supreme military commander
      EMPIRE, not republic

Augustus
      27 BC-AD 14 (41 years)
      expand empire
      died of natural course

Tiberius
      AD 14 - AD 37
      excellent general
      after death of his son, exiled himself
      died at age 77

Caligula
      AD 37 - AD 41
      cruelty, insane tyrant
      assasinate - group of praetorian guards
      try to re-establish the republic

Claudius
      AD 41 - AD 54
      suffer from many infirmities ruled well - start conquest Britain
      died by poisoning

Nero
      54 - 68
      emphasize arts
      wanted to rebuild Rome to be more majestic
      raid temple for money
      not a good ruler

Wednesday, April 13, 2016

Rome 3

a chang in rule
      Tiberius Gracchus recognized the advantages of courting the plebeians
      military generals worked that angle

nobody did that better than Caesar
      Julius Caesar (100-44 BCE)
      a highly successful general
      he conquered the huge territory of Gaul

he could play the game (of politics)
      made common folks happy
      made friends in high places
          Pompey (general that conquered Syria and Palestine)
          Crassus (richest man, one of the richest men in all history)
      these three men formed the First Triumvirate (rule of three men)

crossing the Rubicon

Tuesday, April 12, 2016

MUSIC TRIP

economic change, social upheaval
 - by the end of the second century BCE, over million slaves
 - small farmers lost their land to aristocrats
 - slave did the work for the rich
 - big farms called Latifundia

poor plebs (literally)
 - bread and circuses - free grain, entertainment, keep them alive, keep them quiet

Friday, April 8, 2016

Rome 2

"no legal rights"
      - plebs were victims of discriminating decisions in judicial trials
      - no actual laws
      - patricians - own advantage
Pleb refuse to serve in the military until
      - laws were written out (The Law of the Twelve Tables)
      - laws were posted in public
      - tribunes (tribal leaders) were elected

SPQR - Senatus Populusque Romanum
      - designates any degree or decision made by "the Roman Senate and People"

res publica - the people's affairs
      - democracy  (people's assembly and the tribunes)
      - aristocracy (the Senate)
      - plus monarchy (a mistake the Romans did not care to repeat)

Government ancient Roman/USA
      - the US. modeled their new government by ancient Romans
      - three branches of government
        - executive
        - legislative
        - judicial

That's a Roman legion, clear as day
      - 500 soldiers, not in it for pay (not yet)
      - group of eighty's a century
      - on horseback is the cavalry
      - shield, sword, dragger, and armor and tunic

The Punic Wars (264-146 BCE)
      - Rome vs. Carthage
      - three wars

First Punic War (264-241 BCE)
      - naval loattles for control of the strategically located island of S

Second Punic War (218-201 BCE)
      - 29 years Carthaginian general Hannibal almost does the impossible: taking Rome
      - attacks Rome from the NORTH

Third Punic War - final (149-146 BCE)
      - Rome remove the threat of Carthage
      - Carthage burned for 17 days
      - 50,000 people were sold into slavery

Wednesday, April 6, 2016

Rome

who settled Rome?
 - Etruscans: came from north-central part of the peninsula
                     metalworkers, artists, architects
 - Greeks: had many colonies around Mediterranean Sea
                Romans borrows idea:
                    religious belief
                    alphabet
                    art
                    military techniques and weaponry

First settled
  Latins
      descendants of Indo-Europeans
      settled banks of the Tiber
      reade ships
      commercial port
      built on seven hills

Tarquin's kinda proud, but he got a little loud
      Lucius Tarquinias Superbus
      seventh and final king of Rome
      known as Tarquin the Proud
      true tyrant

Rule of king replaced by rule of two consuls
      consuls are elected officials
      term: one year
      always aristocrats (patricians)
      traded from a famous ancestor or pater ("father")

challenge "regular folks"
      fifty century BCE, patricians dominance challenged
                                    by the pleb ("people")
      pleb=98%
        - plebs serve in army
          not hold office
        - threatened with debt slavery
        - no legal rights

Tuesday, April 5, 2016

our project


Patricians were the people who ruled Rome.These rich landowners ran the Senate and held the powerful government jobs, they handled Rome’s finances and directed its wars.
Despite some gains for the Plebeians, many people became very angry and frustrates about this situation.Rome had few privileged citizens compared with the many Romans who farmed small plots of land.In the late 100’s B.C.E. however these farmers were sinking into poverty and debt.Many of them had been unable to farm there land because they were off fighting Rome’s wars, this meant that they made no money.Others had suffered damage to their farms during Hannibal’s invasion of Italy, remember he sacked the country side as he moved throughout Italy.Moreover, small farmers could not compete with wealthy Romans who were buying up land to create Latifundia.Latifundia – were large farming estates, basically gigantic farms.These rich landowners used a new source of labor, the thousands of prisoners brought to Italy due to the many Roman wars.By using these enslaved people to tend their crops, wealthy Romans could force owners of small farms out of business.Faced with debts they could not pay off, many farmers sold their land and headed to the cities, desperate for work.However, jobs were hard to find, because slaves did most of the work. If free men were lucky enough to be hired, they earned low wages.These conditions created widespread anger all across Rome. Roman politicians were worried about riots breaking out, but they quickly turned the situation to their advantage.
To win the votes of the poor. They began providing cheap food and entertainment, this policy was known as “Bread and Circuses” and helped dishonest rulers come to power.  

Monday, April 4, 2016

1st day after Easter

We were having a hard time doing the project during Easter. Ivy's mum was here so she don't have a lot of time to communicate with me and Vicky. At first we decided to talk about it on Monday and Ivy said she have time but Vicky and I wait for her for 2 days and finally she reply to us. I think everyone will be at lease a little bit upset when you have to wait for someone for 2 days. Ivy said she wanted to do the poor so I did the rich. We didn't really know what to do for the video but I think we should just summarized the information on paper (more pictures). We recorded the paper and our explanation about it and give the videos to Vicky on Thursday for her to put it together. Because Ivy can only did the work at night so I have to wait for her and I sleep really early...
But anyway, we finished the project!!

Wednesday, March 23, 2016

Project 2


Today we decided to draw characters and record it to make the video. I learnt a little bit about how to use iMovie so I hope it work well.
(2 brothers) - reform as limiting the size of estates and giving land to the poor.
Farmers
Slave
Tribunes
Senate

estates

Slave was forced to work
Small farmers found it difficult to compete
Senates feel threatened so they killed the 2 brothers

Project (Mar. 22nd)

We are one day closer to spring break!!!! But we have to do our project.
We don't know what will be good to present, at first we were going to do a powerpoint, but it was too boring but we don't have another idea about what to do. At last we decided to do a video about war between rich and poor.
I feel like I had missed a lot because of the play in all different subject. I have to find Mr. Low about the things that I didn't know.
I have a health test today which I didn't have class on because of the play so I feel so bad about it.
I had pass the geometry test so I can take honors pre culc next year, I just find the guidance about have honors chemistry next year and I have honors government and financial next year. I feel like I will have a had semester.

Friday, March 18, 2016

The Roman Empire

 - civil war: the brothers made enemies of numerous senators, who felt threatened by ideas. Both met violent deaths -- Tiberius in 133 B.C. and Gaius in 121 B.C. A period of civil was, or conflict between groups within the followed their death.
 - Julius Caesar: in 60 B.C., a military leader named Julius Caesar joined forces with Crassus, a wealthy Roman, and Pompey, a popular general.
 - triumvirate: with their help. Caesar was elected consul in 59 B.C. For the next ten years, these men dominated Rome as a triumvirate, a group of three rulers.
 - Augustus: while he restored some aspects of the republic, Octavian became the unchallenged ruler of Rome.Eventually he accepted the title of Augustus, or "exalted one."
 - Pax Romana: Rome was at the peak of its power from the beginning of Augustus's rule in 27 B.C. to A.D. 180. For 207 years, peace reigned throughout the empire, except for some fighting with tribes along the borders. This Period of peace and prosperity is known as the Pax Romana.

Thursday, March 17, 2016

15 mins class (because the play)

Today is the first time we have the real performance. I'm a little bit nervous but it went ok. We spent a lot of time on this show. We always practice until 9:00 after school and still have to do homework and prepare for test and quizzes. I felt kind of stressful these days. But we finally have performance which means we don't have to practice until 9:00 anymore:)
Hope the performances went well.

Tuesday, March 15, 2016

HIP HOP Class

Today we listen to hiphop for the whole class. It's good because we won't have to learn a lot of information during class but a little bit too much for me. TOO MUCH HIP HOP!!!!!! I think Mr. Schick is very talented in music. I can't make my own lyrics for a song. The songs about the founding fathers that we listen during class are very good. At first I'm interested in the show but then I know that they have 42 hip hop songs I think it might be too much for me to listen in one time. I learn really fast in singing lyrics or listen to it, I can remember the lyrics really fast, so I hope I can learnt more from the Hip Hop song about Rome.

Monday, March 14, 2016

The Roman Republic (Questions)

1.
republic: is a form of government in which power rests with citizens who have the right toot for their leader.
patrician: the wealthy landowners held most of the power.
plebeian: the common farmers, artisans, and merchants who made up the majority go the population.
tribune: Rome's leader allowed the plebeians to form their own assembly and elect representatives
consul: they commanded the army and directed the government.
senate: the aristocratic branch of Rome's government.
dictator: a leader who had absolute power to make laws and command the army.
legion: Roman soldiers were organized into large military unites called legion.
Punic Wars: in 264 B.C., Rome and Carthage went to war. This is the beginning of the long struggle
Hannibal: was a brilliant military strategist who wanted to avenge Carthage's earlier defeat.
2.
They have strong military and and also their government are powerful are two key characteristic of the early Roman Republic.
3.
They can't serve more than one year for one selection, the same person can't be selected for ten years and one consul can overrule the others.
4.
All free people are protected by the law.
5.
He made the attach a surprise.
6.
I think its success is more formed by the army. They have a strong army so others can't invade them.
7.
Yes, they structured the law.
8.
By war, army fight.

Friday, March 11, 2016

Alexander Test

He was born in Pelia Macedonia
He became king at the age of 20
People influenced by Alexander George Washington, George Pattont, Julias Caesar
two of his role model: Illiad and Achille
what city did Alexander invaded for 7 months? Tyre
Gaza is the city Alexander killed everyone
What city Alexander did not conquer China
20,000 mountain: Hindu Kush
brought together Hellenistic: east and west
what did Alexander did after he came back from the study? exiled
How did he died? we don't know exactly, poison, over drunk...
circumstances led Alexander's father died
Callisthenes
Who killed his Darius the third? his own man
how long did Alexander to quell and rebellion his first assumed power? 2 years

Thursday, March 10, 2016

Test Question

 - Who is is Alexander 's dad?
Philip the second.
 - What did Alexander learn from his father?
Military training and leadership.
 - Who is Alexander's mentor?
Aristotle.
 - What happened while Alexander went away to study for 3 years?
His father married another women and had a son.
 -Why the body guard killed Philip?
We don't know because the man died immediately, it may be alexander and his mother plan to killed Philip.
 - How old when Alexander became the king
20
 - Why did one of Darius's man killed him?
Because he run away twice from the war with Alexander.
 - How did Alexander dies?
We don't really know, many people said he might died from alcohol and poison.
 - Who were influenced by Alexander?
George Washington,
 - What is the name of Alexander's horse?
Bucephalus.

Tuesday, March 8, 2016

Video 3

 - the Indian have amassed an army of 50,000 man. And they have a terrifying new weapon: 200 more elephant.
 - Alexander know every soldier by name
 - many people are influenced by Alexander
 - George Washington's strategies are a lot like Alexander's strategies
 - General from World War 2 is hero as Alexander who also was influenced by Alexander
 - Alexander the Great became the symbol of success
 - a legendary leader
 - we are still using his strategies now


Friday, March 4, 2016

Video 2

 - Egyptians surrendered and welcome Alexander in open arms.
 - Alexander allows Egyptian to keep their culture
 - then Alexander became to truly think himself as a living king
 - Oracle, could see the future
 - Darius ran away again  and one of his officers murdered him
 - Hindu Kush high mountain have to go cross the mountain to another world.
 - He asked his officers Persian Bride
 - He died at Babylon when he was 32

Thursday, March 3, 2016

Video: Alexander the Great The Man Behind the Legend

 - June 323
 - Alexander was born in 356 BCE, Philip the second is his father, Philip the second have scars all over his face and he also don't have right eyes.
 - Alexander learnt military training and leadership from his dad
 - Olympius is Alexander's mother. She drink a lot.
 - Dionysus the God of wine and celebration
 - alexander was 3 years away and his father married another young woman and had a son.
 - Philip was killed but don't know who was the person who really want him to die.
 - Alexander became the king when he was 20
 - a lot of people think Alexander was too young so Alexander killed then all.
 - Alexander fought Troy first then to Issus (where Darius ran away)
 - Darius the third ran away for the first time
 - They killed 15,000 people a day
 - calisthenes, people who especially write down about Alexander's greatness
 - 7,000 killed 30,000 slave (tire city)
 - Alexander killed every male in the town

Wednesday, March 2, 2016

The Spread of Hellenistic Culture

Cultural interaction:
 - hellenistic culture, a blend of Greek and other influences, flourished throughout Greece, Egypt, and Asia.

Setting the Stage:
 - Alexander's ambitions were culture as well as military and political. He started new cities as administrative centers and outposts of Greek culture. These cities, from Egyptian Alexandria in the south to the Asian Alexandrias in the east, adopted many Greek patterns and customs.

Hellenistic Culture in Alexandria
A vibrant new culture emerged. Greek culture blended with Egyptian, Persian and India influences. This blending became known as Hellenistic culture. Koine is the popular spoken language.
 - Trade and Cultural Diversity
    - among the many cities of the Hellenistic world, the Egyptian city of Alexandria became the foremost center of the commerce and Hellenistic civilization.
    - by the third century B.C., Alexandria had become an international community, with a rich mixture of customs and traditions from Egypt and from the Aegean.
 - Alexandria's Attractions
    - a much visited bomb contained Alexander;s elaborate glass coffin.
    - soaring more than 350 feet over the harbor stood an enormous stone lighthouse called the Pharos.
    - the lighthouse contained a polished bronze mirror that, at night, reflected the light from a blazing fire.

Science and Technology
Alexandrian scholar provided most of the scientific knowledge available to the West.
 - Astronomy
    - Alexandria's museum contained a small observatory in which astronomers could study the planets and stars.
    - Eratosthenes, the director of the Alexandrian Library, tried to calculate Earth's true size.
 - Mathematic and Physics
    - Eratosthenes and Aristarchus used a geometry text compiled by Euclid.
    - Euclid was a highly regarded mathematician who taught in Alexandria.
    - Archimedes of Syracuse, studied at Alexandria

Philosophy and Art
In the third century B.C., philosophers became concerned with how people should live their lives. Two major philosophies developed out of this concern.
 - Stoicism and Epicureanism
    - Zeno found the school of philosophy called Stoicism.
    - Epicurus founded the school of thought called Epicureanism.
 - Realism in Sculpture
    - the largest known Hellenistic statue was created in the island of Rhodes. Known as the Colossus of Rhodes, this bronze statue stood more than 100 feet high.
    - by 150 B.C., the Hellenistic world was in decline, a new city Rome, was growing and gaining strength.

Tuesday, March 1, 2016

Alexander the Great discussion

 - The kingdom of Macedonia, located north of Greece
 - in 359 B.C., Philip 2 became king of Macedonia
 - Macedonians soundly defeated the Greeks at Chaeronea and ended Greek independence.
 - Alexander was only 20 when he became king
 - Aristotle's teaching Alexander learned science, geography, and literature
 - Alexander smashed the Persian defenses.
 - Alexander marched into Egypt in 332 B.C.
 - 326 B.C., Alexander and his army reached Indus Valley.
 - The exhausted soldiers yearned to go home. Bitterly disappointed, Alexander agreed to turn back
 - He became seriously ill with a fever and died a few days later and he was just 32.
 - after his died, his Macedonian generals fought among themselves for control of his empire.
 - Antigonus became king of Macedonia and took control of the Greek city-state; Ptolemy seized Egypt, took the title of pharaoh, and established a dynasty; Seleucus took most of the old Persian Empire.

Monday, February 29, 2016

Alexander's Empire

Empire Building:
 - Alexander the Great conquered Persia and Egypt and extended his empire to the Indus River in northwest India.

Setting the stage:
 - the Peloponnesian War weakened several Greek city-state and cause decline in their military and economic power.

Philip Builds Macedonian Power
The kingdom of Macedonia, located just north of Greece, had rough terrain and a cold climate. Most Macedonian nobles thought of themselves as Greeks, but the Greeks looked down on the Macedonians as uncivilized foreigner who had no great philosophers, sculptors, or writers. The Macedonians did have one very important resource - their shrewd and fearless kings.
 - Philip's Army
    - in 359 B.C., Philip 2 became king of Macedonia. Though he was only 23 years old he quickly proved to be a brilliant general and a ruthless politician.
    - he transformed the rugged peasants into a well-trained professional army.
    - organized phalanxes of 16 men across and 16 deep, with 18-foot pike.
    - Philip began to prepare an invasion of Greece.
 - Conquest of Greece
    - Demosthenes, the Athenian orator , tried to warn the Greeks about the Philip, he urged them to unite against Philip
    - 338 B.C, Athens and Thebes joined forces to fight Philip, but it was too late
    - Macedonians soundly defeated the Greeks at Chaeronea and ended Greek independence.
    - city-state retained self-government in local affairs, under control of Philip's Macedonia
    - Philip planned to invade Persia next but never got the chance
    - at his daughter's wedding he was killed by a former guardsman
    - Philip's son Alexander proclaimed himself king of Macedonia. Over the next 13 years, he became known as Alexander the Great.

Alexander Defeats Persia:
Although Alexander was only 20 when he became king, he was well prepared to lead. Under Aristotle's teaching Alexander learned science, geography, and literature. He enjoyed Homer's description about the Trojan War. He kept a copy of the LLIAD under his pillow to inspired himself.
When the people of Thebes rebelled he destroyed the city, about 6,000 Thebans were killed so other Greek city-state quickly gave up any idea of rebellion.
 - Invasion of Persia
    - 334 B.C., Alexander led 35,000 soldiers across the Hellespont into Anatolia. Alexander smashed the Persian defenses.
    - the victory of Alexander alarmed Darius 3 - the Persian King
    - Darius 3 raised 50,000 and 75,000 men
    - this victory gave Alexander control over Anatoli
 - Conquering the Persian Empire
    - Darius tried to negotiate a peace settlement. He offered Alexander all of his west lands but Alexander wanted the entire Persian Empire.
    - Alexander marched into Egypt in 332 B.C.
    - the two armies met at Gaugamela, Alexander's victory ended Persia's power
    - Persepolis, Persia's royal capital burned to the ground.

Alexander's Other Conquests
Alexander now reigned as the unchallenged ruler of southwest Asia. He left the ruined Persepolis to pursue Darius and conquer Persia's remote Asian provinces. During the next three years, his army  fought its way across the desert wastes and mountains of Central Asia.
 - Alexander in India
    - 326 B.C., Alexander and his army reached Indus Valley.
    - a powerful India army blocked their path, they had been fighting for 11 years and had marched more than 11,000 miles. The exhausted soldiers yearned to go home. Bitterly disappointed, Alexander agreed to turn back.
    - 323 B.C., Alexander and his army had reached Babylon. He became seriously ill with a fever and died a few days later and he was just 32.
 - Alexander's Legacy
    - after his died, his Macedonian generals fought among themselves for control of his empire.
    - Antigonus became king of Macedonia and took control of the Greek city-state; Ptolemy seized Egypt, took the title of pharaoh, and established a dynasty; Seleucus took most of the old Persian Empire.
    - alexander himself adopted Persian dress and customs and married a Persian woman
    - a vibrant new culture emerged from the blend of Greek and Eastern customs.

Thursday, February 25, 2016

Greek Art, Government and Architecture

Art
 - Sculptures
 - Pottery
 - Mosaic Art - make of small piece of something
 - Architecture
 - metal
 - Renaissance

Government
 - democracy Strengthened
   - get paid
   - middle or lower class citizens involve in government
 - Athenian
   - Citizens male 18
   - Executive branch

Architecture
 - oldest was from 500 BCE
 - temple
 - theatre
 - 3 type of column
   - Doric Columns: most simple
   - Ionic Column: thinnest, smallest
   -  Corinthian Column: most omate
- Parthenon
   - master piece
   - 447 BC
   - honor athena
 - Nike of Samothrace
   - honor see battle and the Goddess Nike
   - 8ft high
   - winged victory Samothrace
 - Acropolis
   - protect Athens
   - on hill

Tuesday, February 23, 2016

Pericles and The Delian League

Pericles: (477-441 BC)
 - He ruled in the golden age of Athens
 - big leader

(461-429 BCE)
 - Pericles dominated during this period
 - often called the age of Pericles
 - 3 goals
  - Strengthen Athenian democracy
  - Hold on strengthen the enemies
  - Glorify Athens

Stronger Democracy
 - He increased the number of public
 - The poorest people can involve

Start of Direct Democracy
 - Direct Democracy: a from of government in which citizens rule directly and not through representatives
 - important legacy of the age of 

Glorifying Athens
 - 15 years to build Parthenon

 - Aspasia is having a affair with Pericles
 - First sign as men treat women equally

Peloponnesian War
 - Sparta and Athens
 - The strategy worked well for Athens but the plague hit the Athens
 - Hubris - over confident


The Delian League
 - Delian League is organized after the was
 - to make a truce and keep all the city-states together
 - United Nation is pretty close to the Delian League
 - Athens control the Delian League gathered city-states use their money to build things
 - during the age of Pericles


Monday, February 22, 2016

Theatre

- Costumes and Masks
The actors were so far away from the audience that without the aid of exaggerated costumes and masks, they would be difficult to see

The masks were made of linen or cork, so none have survived. Tragic masks carried mournful or pained expressions, while comic masks were smiling or leering. The shape of the mask amplified the actor's voice, making his words easier for the audience to hear

- Comedy
A comedy contained scenes filled with slapstick situations and crude humorIt is an entertainment consisting of jokes and satire, intended to make audience laugh.Playwrights often made fun of politics and respected people and ideas of the time.

- Dramatists

- Aristophanes
- wrote the first great comedies including The Birds and Lysistrata
- Lysistrata portrayed the women of Athens forcing their husbands to end the Peloponnesian War

- Menander
- wrote more than a hundred comedies.

- Aspis ("The Shield"; about half) is one of his famous works.