Mycenaeans:
- began around 2000 BCE
- located on a rocky ridge on Peloponnesus projected by 20 foot thick wall
- king dominate Greece from 1600-1100 BCE (controlled trade in region)
- 1400 BCE invaded Crete and absorbed
- Minoan culture (writing system, language, art, politics, literature, religion)
Trojan War
- fought in 12th and 13th cent. BCE
- part of Greek mythology -until the 19th cent.
- Paris got an apple and the goddesses he gave the apple to is the most beautiful goddesses
- Paris judge Aphrodite as "the fairest"
- Aphrodite made Helen (who was married) fall in love with Paris, who took her back to Troy
"sea people" & Dorians
- 1200 BCE the mysterious "sea people" began to invade Mycenae and burnt palace after palace
- Dorians moved into this war-torn region, dominating 1150-750 BCE
- Dorians were far less advanced
- the trade-based economy collapsed
- writing disappeared 400 year
- talk about culture decline
Homer-the blind storyteller
- Greek oral tradition
- stories passed on by word of mouth Homer lived at the end of these "Greek Dark Ages"
- composed stories of the Troy War 750-700 BCE
- the lliad: last conquest of Mycenaeans the Troy War
- the odyssey: Odyssey attempt to returned home after Troy War, but being thwarted by Poseidony
Warring City-State
- polis: fundamental political unit, made up of a city and surrounding countryside
- monarchy: ruled by single king
- aristocracy: ruled by small group of noble, very rich, landowning families
- oligarchy: wealthy group. dissatisfied with aristocratic rule
who seized power (often with military help)
- tyrant: powerful individual who seized control by appealing to the common people for support
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